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Departments 

Dept. of Medical Ophthalmology, Retina  & Uvea (Unit-I)
Dept. of Vitreoretinal Diseases & Trauma (Unit-II)
Dept. of Cornea & Refractive  Surgery (Unit-III)
Dept. of Cornea, Ocular Surface Disorders & Glaucoma (Unit-IV)
  Dept. of  Pediatric  Ophthalmology & Oculoplasty  (Unit-V)
Dept. of Squint, Neuro-ophthalmology & Glaucoma (Unit-VI)
Anesthesia &_Radiology
Dept. of Community Ophthalmology
Dept. of Ocular Biochemistry
Dept. of Ocular Microbiology
Dept. of Ocular Pathology
Dept. of Ocular Pharmacy Pharmacology & Toxicology___

Cryostat machine for rapid per operative diagnosis and fat stain

Well differentiated Retinoblastoma 

(Haematoxylin & Eosin Stain)

PAS Stain  (Goblet cells)      

Sebaceous gland Carcinoma

(Papanicolaou stain) 

Metastatic adenocarcinoma 

(MGG stain)

 

Autoanalyser

Vimentin For Mesenchymal lesions

p53 tumor suppressor  gene in Rb. 

 

 

 

 

Department of Ocular Pathology
Incharge: Dr.Seema Sen - Additional Professor
 
Faculty
              Dr.Seema Kashyap  - Additional Professor
 

PhD Scholar   

1.  Mr. P. Jayaraj (2007 onwards)

2.  Ms. Sheetal Chauhan (2009 onwards)

3. Ms. Lata (2011 onwards)

4. Ms. Mansi Bhardwaj (2011 onwards)

This section provides diagnostic services to the Centre which include Clinical pathology, Histopathology and Cytopathology.  It performs on an average 36,000 investigations per year.  In addition  teaching and training programmes in ocular pathology are also conducted  for other medical colleges and hospitals in India.

    Research work on orbital, intraocular tumors & eyelid tumors, glaucoma and corneal pathologies is being done. The department organized  Ocular pathology workshop under the Indian Association of Ocular Pathologist on 25th March, 2006.

 

 A.  Services provided by the ocular pathology section.

 (I)     Histopathology & Frozen section :

      Diagnostic histopathology of ocular specimens received from operation theatre.  In addition frozen section guided excision of lid tumors and frozen section for various histochemical stains is also done.  

 

(II)   Cytopathology:

a)     Impression Cytology:  Done for diagnosis  of  dry eye,  

corneal,  conjunctival neoplasias,ulcerative eye lid lesions. 

b)    FNAC (Fine needle aspiration cytology):  Being done for

 pre-operative diagnosis of palpable orbital, eyelid lesion and

 enlarged lymph node.

c)    Vitreous and aqueous cytology: For intraocular lymphomas and metastatic endophthalmitis

(III)  Clinical Pathology:

 

a)      Blood investigations are done with the help of Auto analyzer.

Hemogram

 

TLC-Total Leukocyte count.

DLC-Differential Leukocyte count.

ESR- Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate.

Platelet count.

Peripheral blood film  

 

b)      Urine analysis – Routine examination including urine for-

          Protein 

         Sugar

         Microscopy.

 

c)     Sample collection for all investigations at various Dr.  R. P.  

        Centre laboratories.  

 

(IV)   Immunohistochemistry:   

Diagnostic and research purposes-Aids in differential diagnosis of tumours and as cancer biomarkers 

 

(V)    Molecular Pathology Laboratory

·       As a part of the Department of Ocular Pathology, this section which was formally inaugurated in March 2009 undertakes tests based on various molecular biology tools including  polymerase chain reaction (PCR),Methylation specific PCR (MSP), ISH, Reverse -Transcriptase PCR  (RT-PCR) for mRNA expression analysis, mutational analysis (collaboration) for research purposes.

·        The research is presently related to cancer biology of various ocular malignancies.

·        This section also provides training to undergraduates, post graduate students in basic molecular biology techniques and immunohistochemistry. 

Museum: 

Ocular Pathology Museum was started by Prof. Ratnakar in  1976.  Interesting cases of lid, orbital lesion, intra ocular tumor are still being  preserved for teaching purposes.

  

B.  Research work: 

(a)   Extramural Research Projects: 

1.    ICMR project on “Diagnosis of ocular and orbital round cell tumours in children by Immunohistochemistry” (1989-91). 

2.    ICMR project on “Immunophenotypic characterization of ocular lymphoproliferative disorders” (1998-2001). 

3.    ICMR project on “Prognostic markers in Retinoblastoma – An immunohistochemical study” (Collaborative with Pediatric Oncology and IRCH.) (2002-05). 

4.    ICMR – “Detection of HPV genome in malignant ocular lesions” (2008-2010)  

5.    ICMR project on: ‘Role of Stratifin in ocular surface squamous cell neoplasia and it’s correlation with other tumour suppressor markers’ (2010-ongoing)

6.    ICMR project on:Ocular Adnexal Lymphomas and Chlamydia: An immunophenotypic and molecular study’ (2011-ongoing)

7.    ICMR project on Retinoblastoma: ‘High Mobility Group Proteins (HMG) : Non-Histone Chromosomal Proteins’ (2011-ongoing)

8.    ICMR project on: ‘Evaluation of clinical and histopathological factors associated with success of MMC augmented trabeculectomy among primary glaucomas in India’ (2011-ongoing)  

 

(b) Research projects funded by All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) 

 

1.    “Human papilloma virus in conjunctival neoplasias”    (2000-01). 

2.    “Immunohistochemical detection of HSV-1 in non-specific keratitis” (2003-04). 

3.  “P53 expression in sebaceous gland carcinoma of the eye lid- An immunohistochemical study” (2004-05). 

4.    “Retinoblastoma protein  (pRB) expression in human eyes and ocular tumors(2005-06). 

5.    “Immunophenotype characterization of small lymphocytic lymphomas of the eye”.  (May-2007-08) 

6.    “p53 and mdm2 expression in orbital Rhabdomyosarcoma of childhood and IHC.”  

7.    Identification of Human Papilloma Virus types in malignant ocular tumours (May 2009-11)

8.    Immunohistochemical detection of cancer stem cell markers in retinoblastoma. (May 2009-10)

9.    Expression of CDC25A and CDC25B Proteins (Cell Division Cycle 25 Protein (CDC25) Proto-Oncogenes by Immunohistochemistry in Retinoblastoma (May 2011)

10.  Immunohistochemical expression of PLK1 and PLK3 (Polo-Like Kinases (PLK) Cell Cycle Regulators) Proteins in Retinoblastoma (May 2011)

11.  Estrogen and progesterone receptors in Sebaceous Carcinoma (May 2011)

 (c)   Collaborative Research Projects including Ph.D Thesis

 

1.    Experimental study on role of stem cells (Collaboration with Glaucoma and stem cell facility) in glaucoma (May 2010 onwards)

2.    An open labeled, prospective study to evaluate the efficacy  and safety  of ReliNethra (an autologous bio-engineered composite limbal  epithelial graft). (Reliance)-completed 

3.    Efficacy and safety of Restasis in management of dry eye  July 2006 (completed). 

4.    Culture of Limbal stem cells for ocular surface reconstruction in stem cell deficiency diseases (DBT)-2006.(completed) 

5.    Assesment of Safety and efficacy of  Relinethre TM – EAU (an antilogous bioengineered conjunctiva) in the treatment of conjunctival disorders (2008 onwards).  

6.    IH and molecular studies on WntB-Catenin signaling pathway in  sebaceous cell carcinoma of the eye lid. (Ph.D.Thesis March 2007 onwards). 

             7.  Isolation, Expansion & characterization of corneal limbal

                  epithelial  cells (Ph.D. Thesis 2007).    

             8.  Identification and characterization of differentially expressed

                 gene in human retinoblastoma (PhD Thesis  2007.)

             9. Molecular studies and expression of cell cycle regulatory

               proteins in Ocular Surface Squamous Neoplasia (PhD Thesis

               February 2009)

             10. Molecular Analysis of Mitochondrial Genes Associated with

             Tumorigenesis in Retinoblastoma (PhD Thesis February

              2011)

             11.   “Strategies for extending utilization of donor corneal

                   tissues for corneal transplantation by harnessing their full

                   clinical potential” (Ph.D Thesis submitted Feb 2010)

            12.  Evaluation of role of cultivated oral mucosal epithelial cells

                  in patients with bilateral acute ocular burns as compared to

                  amniotic membrane transplantation. Multi institutional

                  project AIIMS & PGIMER (Chandigarh). (A DBT funded

                  project) - Collaboration with stem cell facility, AIIMS

                  and Cornea Unit

            13. Evaluation of Tumour Angiogenesis (VEGF) in locally

                  advanced Retinoblastoma (DM Thesis IRCH)

            14. Malignant tumours of the eye and orbit in children: The

                  varied clinical profile and role of   tumour markers in

                  management. (CSIR project)

           15. Correlation between clinical features, imaging characteristics

                 and histopathological findings in advanced intraocular

                 retinoblastoma." ( IRG project 2010-2011)

 

Books and Chapters Published:

          1.   Atlas of Ophthalmic Pathology.Sen S.  HMG Publishers,

                2002. 

         A collection of over 550 colour illustrations and brief

         clinicopathologic descriptions of common Ophthalmic disorders.  

          2.   Chapter titled “Illustrative Ocular Pathology” Kashyap S

                in “Postgraduate Ophthalmology” book by Chaudhary

                and Vanathi . Jaypee Publishers 2011

  

Research Publications

 

1.    Seema Kashyap, Rachna Meel, Neelam Pushker,Seema Sen, B Chawla, Supriyo Ghose. Clinical Predictors of high risk histopathology factors in Retinoblastoma . Paed Blood Cancer 2011; Jun 30. doi: 10.1002/pbc.23239. [Epub ahead of print]

 

2.    Kashyap S, Meel R, Pushker N, Sen S, Bakhshi S, Bajaj MS, Chawla B, Sethi S, Ghose S, Chandra M. Phthisis bulbi in Retinoblastoma.  Clin Experiment Ophthalmol. 2010 Oct 8. doi: 10.1111/j.1442-9071.2010.02426 [Epub ahead of print]

3.    Seema Kashyap,Rachna Meel, Neelam Pushker .Orbital Nocardiosis Ind J Pathol Microbiol  2010 ; 53 : 844- 845.

4.             4.     Seema Kashyap, Rachna Meel, MS Bajaj, Neelam Pushker.

                   Ocular Oncocytoma Ind J Pathol Microbiol  2010 ; 53 : 882-

                   883.

5.          5.  Jayaraj P, Sen S, Kashyap S et al Does β-catenin have a role

                 in pathogenesis of sebaceous cell carcinoma of the eyelid? 

                 Br J Ophthalmol 2011; 95:284-287.

 6.    Sen Seema, Betharia Subhash M.,Dawar Ramesh, Sharma

       Sanjay, Kashyap Seema  IJPM. Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma of

     the Ocular Adnexa - A clinicopathological analysis from Northern

      India. 2010 Dec. 53(4) 856-8.

 

7.           7. Kashyap S, Pushker N, Meel R, Sen S, Bajaj MS et al  Orbital

                 schwannoma with cystic degeneration. Clin and

                 Exp Ophthalmology 2009;37(3): 293-8.

 

8.          8.  Sen S, Sharma A, Panda A.Immunohistochemical localization of

                human papilloma virus in conjunctival neoplasias: A retrospective

                study. . Indian J Ophthalmol. 2007, 55:361-3. 

           9.    Kashyap S, Sen S, Sharma MC, Betharia SM, Bajaj MS:

                 Alveolar soft part sarcoma of the orbit: report of three cases.

                 Can J Ophthalmology 2004; 39 : 552-556.

          10.     Sen S, Mahindrakar A, Betharia SM, Bajaj MS, Kashyap S,

                 Ghose S : Pleomorphic adenomas of the lacrimal gland:

                  a clinicipathological analysis : Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2004 ;

                  32: 523-525.

          11.  Sen S, Venkatesh P, Moolchand.Primary Intraocular Hydatid

                cyst with Glaucoma. J Pediatr Ophthalmol.Strabismus. 2003; 40

                (5): 312-3.

          12.   Sen S, Kashyap S, Singh UB, Nagasuresh V, Chand M, Garg

                 SP Intraocular tuberculosis mimicking retinoblastoma-A case

                 report. Diagnostic Cytopathology 2003; 28: 107-109.

          13.    Sen S, Kashyap S, S.M.Betharia SM: Primary Orbital

                  Plasmacytoma-A case report Orbit 2003; 22: 317-319.

          14.     Sen S, Kashyap S, Thanikachalam S, Betharia SM: Primitive

                 Neuroectodermal tumour of the orbit-Report of a case. J Pediatr

                 Ophthalmol Strabismus 2002; 39: 242-244.

          15.     Kashyap S, Sen S, Sharma MC, Sethi A. Diagnostic intraocular

                 aspiration cytology of choroidal melanoma. Diagn.Cytopathol.

                 2002: 26: 389- 391. 

          16.    Kashyap S,Sen S,Betharia SM,Dade VK; Mesenchymal 

                  chondrosarcoma of the orbit a clinicopathological study Orbit

                  2001:20;63-68.

           17.    Kashyap S. Kapila k, Verma K;Cytologic spectrum seen in fine

                  needle aspirates from Thyroglossal Cysts:J Cytol 2001:18;2124.

           18.     Kashyap S: Intraocular fine needle aspiration biopsy in    

                   Retinoblastoma.DOS Times 2001:7;26.

           19.    Seema Sen, U. Singha, H. Kumar, S.Ghose, T. Sarkar, M.S.

                  Bajaj. Diagnostic Intraocular Fine - Needle Aspiration Biopsy -

                   An Experience in 3 cases of Retinoblastoma.Diagnostic

                   Cytopathology1999;21:331-334.
 
  20.      Seema Sen, M.S. Bajaj, M. Vijayaraghavan. Histoplasmosis of

                   the Eyelids A case report.  Indian Journal of Pathology and

                   Microbiology 1999; 42:495-497.

 

21.  Kashyap S,Kapila K,Kumar N,Geeta G,Rath GK,Verma K;Nucleolar organizer regions and morphologic subtypes of squamous cell carcinoma of squamous cell carcinoma of cervix..Ind J Pathol Microbiol 1998;41:303-308.

Awards and Honours

 

1.    Primary primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PPNET) of the orbit, A 10 year review.This was adjudged as the Best Paper in the Orbit session Presented at 69th AIOS conf held in Ahmedabad 3-6th Feb 2011.

 

2.    Role of impression cytology in the diagnosis of malignant ulcerative eyelid lesions” was awarded the 2nd best poster prize. Annual cytology conference at Allahabad, Dec 2007.

 

3.    “Intraocular FNAC of Uveal Melanomas” was adjuged as the best poster at Annual conference of Indian Academy of cytologists in Pune 2003 .

*****